Advisory for manufacturers on both sides of trade defence proceedings - injury evidence development, questionnaire response strategy, rules-of-origin compliance, and production footprint analysis across the US, EU, India, Turkey and Brazil.
25–100%
US Section 301 Duty Burden
Duty percentage points added on top of MFN tariff rates for Chinese-origin tires entering the US market
5
Major AD Jurisdictions
United States, European Union, India, Turkey and Brazil each operating active tire trade defence measures
918M
Chinese Tire Exports (2024)
468M PCR and 293M TBR units from 60 facilities driving anti-dumping actions globally
284
Facilities in Database
Manufacturer facility database providing injury evidence, capacity utilization and trade flow analysis
Anti-dumping and trade defence measures have become one of the most consequential commercial forces reshaping the global tire industry's competitive structure. The United States has deployed Section 301 tariffs and anti-dumping duty orders against Chinese tires across multiple tire categories, adding 25 to 100 percentage point duty burdens on top of the existing MFN tariff rate for Chinese-origin tires entering the US market. The European Union has applied anti-dumping measures to Chinese truck and bus tire imports with duty rates that structurally price out non-restructured supply chains. India, Turkey and Brazil have each deployed their own anti-dumping proceedings covering tire categories where domestic producers have sought relief from import competition.
The industry's response to these trade measures has been direct and documentable. China exported 918 million tires in 2024 - 468 million PCR and 293 million TBR units - from a manufacturing base of 60 facilities representing the largest national production concentration in the industry. This export volume, directed at every major consuming market simultaneously, has triggered investigations and safeguard measures that are now the primary driver of production footprint restructuring decisions across the global tire industry.
Chinese manufacturers have responded systematically to anti-dumping and Section 301 measures through production footprint restructuring using third-country facilities to access markets at preferential duty rates. Each of these production footprint decisions has created its own compliance complexity around rules-of-origin qualification, anti-circumvention investigation exposure, and the substantive content requirements that distinguish legitimate third-country production from transshipment.
Triangle Tire built a production facility in Vietnam explicitly to access the US market under the lower duty rates applicable to Vietnamese-origin tires. Sailun expanded into Vietnam and Cambodia for the same strategic rationale - accessing both the US and EU markets at preferential duty positions unavailable to Chinese-origin exports under the EVFTA and bilateral trade frameworks.
Prinx Chengshan operates a Thailand facility serving US and EU markets at preferential duty positions under ASEAN trade frameworks. Linglong's Serbia plant - established in Zrenjanin under the EU-Serbia Stabilisation and Association Agreement - positions the manufacturer to supply EU markets as a European-origin producer rather than a Chinese exporter, avoiding EU anti-dumping duty on TBR.
Understanding the rules-of-origin requirements, the anti-circumvention investigation risk, and the legitimate versus non-compliant use of third-country production in trade route design is now a core strategic and compliance capability. Anti-circumvention investigations by the USTR and European Commission have scrutinized third-country production facilities for sufficient transformation and value-add to qualify for origin claims.
The USMCA, EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA), EU-Serbia Stabilisation and Association Agreement, and ASEAN+1 trade frameworks are each being used to access major consuming markets at preferential duty rates. Radial Insights maps the applicable FTA rules-of-origin for each production-market combination and assesses whether current manufacturing arrangements qualify for preferential origin.
For domestic producers seeking trade relief from injurious import competition, we support the development of injury evidence - market share data, price undercutting analysis, capacity utilization trends and profitability evidence - drawing on our UN COMTRADE HS 4011 series trade flow data, manufacturer database covering 284 facilities, and primary research with distributors and dealers on pricing and market penetration dynamics.
Radial Insights supports the full anti-dumping petition process - from injury narrative structuring and statistical evidence preparation through investigation questionnaire responses and hearing representation support. Our tire-specific trade flow data and primary market research provide the market penetration and pricing evidence that forms the foundation of a credible injury case to the investigating authority.
Beyond anti-dumping proceedings, we advise on safeguard measures under Section 201 of the US Trade Act and equivalent WTO safeguard provisions in other jurisdictions - supporting the development of injury evidence and surge analysis that meets the higher causation threshold required for safeguard relief compared to anti-dumping or countervailing duty proceedings.
Our primary interview network - covering distributors, dealers and trade association representatives in all major markets - provides first-hand market intelligence on import pricing, market penetration rates, and the commercial impact of import competition on domestic producers. This primary evidence supplements statistical trade flow data in injury determinations.
For exporting manufacturers facing investigation, we advise on questionnaire response strategy, normal value and export price calculation methodology, and the production and commercial evidence that supports the strongest possible dumping margin determination outcome. Accurate, well-structured questionnaire responses are the primary determinant of final duty margins in both US DOC and European Commission proceedings.
We provide analysis of normal value calculation methodologies - market economy treatment, constructed value approaches, and third-country price benchmarks - to identify the calculation pathway that produces the most favourable dumping margin. We review cost allocations, home market sales price selection, and the treatment of adjustments that affect the dumping margin calculation.
For manufacturers with third-country production facilities facing anti-circumvention investigation, we provide the production process documentation, value-add analysis, and rules-of-origin compliance evidence that supports the substantive transformation claim required to maintain preferential duty treatment and defend against circumvention findings.
For manufacturers evaluating third-country facility investment in the context of trade measures, we provide the trade regulatory analysis and market intelligence that grounds those decisions in commercial and legal reality - covering rules-of-origin qualification, anti-circumvention exposure, the facility investment required for substantive transformation, and the realistic timeline to qualifying production output.
Whether you are seeking relief from import competition or defending against investigation, Radial Insights brings the tire-specific trade data and regulatory expertise to support your position effectively.
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