Tire working capital resists casual optimization. SKU proliferation across sizes, patterns, and brands spreads demand thinly, so statistical forecasting struggles on the long tail exactly where inventory accumulates. Seasonal pre-builds for winter and agricultural peaks commit cash months ahead on forecasts that weather can embarrass, and the penalty structure is asymmetric between stockout losses in season and carrying costs after. Production economics push long runs while markets want availability, leaving finished-goods buffers to absorb the tension. Receivables stretch through dealer credit practices that sales teams defend as competitive necessity, and payables often sit below industry norms simply because no one benchmarked them. Perhaps most stubbornly, the organization lacks a single owner: purchasing, production, sales, and finance each optimize their fragment while cash conversion suffers across the whole.